Awesome-Medical-Large-Language-Models

A curated list of popular Foundation Models in Healthcare. Please submit a pull request to contribute :-)

🤗Open Medical-LLM Leaderboard

Table of Contents

• Large Language Models
• Large Vision Models
• Survey Papers + Clinical Studies
• Articles

Large Language Models

Title	Institute	Date	Code
MedGemma: Google's most capable open models for medical text and image comprehension, built on Gemma 3	Google	2025-05	HuggingFace Github
PH-LLM: Towards a Personal Health Large Language Model PHIA Transforming Wearable Data into Health Insights using Large Language Model Agents	Google Research	2024-06	Blog
Internist.ai: Impact of high-quality, mixed-domain data on the performance of medical language models	Université catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc	2024-05	HuggingFace
Med_Gemini-[2D,3D,Polygenic]: Advancing Multimodal Medical Capabilities of Gemini	Google Research, DeepMind	2024-05	Blog
MedVersa: A Generalist Learner for Multifaceted Medical Image Interpretation	Harvard Medical School	2024-05	-
OpenBioLLM-70B: Advancing Open-source Large Language Models in Medical Domain	Saama AI Labs	2024-04	HuggingFace
Med-Gemini: Capabilities of Gemini Models in Medicine	Google Research, DeepMind	2024-04	-
Llama-3[8B]-MeditronV1.0: — A State-of-the-Art Large Language Model for Medicine in 24 Hours	LiGHT, Yale-EPFL	2024-04	Blog
Hippocrates: An Open-Source Framework for Advancing Large Language Models in Healthcare	KUIS AI Center	2024-04	HuggingFace
BioMistral: A Collection of Open-Source Pretrained Large Language Models for Medical Domains	LIA - Avignon Université, Nantes Université	2024-02	HuggingFace
AMIE: Towards Conversational Diagnostic AI	Google Research, DeepMind	2024-01	-
MEDITRON-70B: Scaling Medical Pretraining for Large Language Models	EPFL Lausanne	2023-11	Hugging🤗 Github
Asclepius: Publicly Shareable Clinical Large Language Model Built on Synthetic Clinical Notes	KAIST	2023-09	Hugging🤗 Github
Radiology-Llama2: Best-in-Class Large Language Model for Radiology	University of Georgia	2023-08	-
CoDoC: Enhancing the reliability and accuracy of AI-enabled diagnosis via complementarity-driven deferral to clinicians	DeepMind, Google	2023-07	Github
Med-PaLM 2: Towards Expert-Level Medical Question Answering with Large Language Models	Google	2023-05	-
Clinical Camel: An Open-Source Expert-Level Medical Language Model with Dialogue-Based Knowledge Encoding	Vector Institute, University of Toronto	2023-05	Hugging🤗 Github
MEDALPACA - AN OPEN-SOURCE COLLECTION OF MEDICAL CONVERSATIONAL AI MODELS AND TRAINING DATA	University Hospital Aachen	2023-04	Hugging🤗 Github
PMC-LLaMA: Towards Building Open-source Language Models for Medicine	CMIC, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai AI Laboratory	2023-04	Hugging🤗 Github
ChatDoctor: A Medical Chat Model Fine-Tuned on a Large Language Model Meta-AI (LLaMA) Using Medical Domain Knowledge	University of Texas	2023-03	Github
BioMedLM-PubMedGPT: A purpose-built AI model trained to interpret biomedical language	Stanford CRFM, MosaicML	2022-12	HuggingFace
Med-PaLM: Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge	Google	2022-12	Github
ClinicalT5: A Generative Language Model for Clinical Text	University of Oregon, Baidu	2022-12	HuggingFace
GatorTron: A large language model for electronic health records	University of Florida, NVIDIA	2022-12	HuggingFace
BioGPT: Generative Pre-trained Transformer for Biomedical Text Generation and Mining	Microsoft Research	2022-09	HuggingFace
BioBART: Pretraining and Evaluation of A Biomedical Generative Language Model	Tsinghua University	2022-04	HuggingFace
KeBioLM: Improving Biomedical Pretrained Language Models with Knowledge	Tsinghua, Alibaba	2021-04	Github
Pretrained Language Models for Biomedical and Clinical Tasks: Understanding and Extending the State-of-the-Art	Meta	2020-11	Github
BioMegatron: Larger Biomedical Domain Language Model	NVIDIA	2020-10	HuggingFace
PubMedBERT: Domain-Specific Language Model Pretraining for Biomedical Natural Language Processing	Microsoft Research	2020-07	HuggingFace
Publicly Available Clinical BERT Embeddings	MIT CSAIL	2019-04	HuggingFace
ClinicalBERT: Modeling Clinical Notes and Predicting Hospital Readmission	Harvard, Princeton, NYU	2019-04	Github
BioBERT: a pre-trained biomedical language representation model for biomedical text mining	Korea University	2019‑01	Github

Large Vision Models

Title	Institute	Date	Code
LLaVA-Med: Training a Large Language-and-Vision Assistant for Biomedicine in One Day	Microsoft Research	2023-06	Hugging🤗 Github
Segment anything model for medical image analysis: An experimental study	Duke University	2023-04	Github
BiomedCLIP: a multimodal biomedical foundation model pretrained from fifteen million scientific image-text pairs	Microsoft Research	2023-03	HuggingFace

Survey Papers + Clinical Studies

Title	Institute	Date
Integrating human expertise & automated methods for a dynamic and multi-parametric evaluation of large language models’ feasibility in clinical decision-making	University of {Bari, Rome}	2024-05
Opportunities and challenges for ChatGPT and large language models in biomedicine and health	NIH	2024-01
Evaluating the Medical Knowledge of Open LLMs - Part 1	MedARC	2024-01
A Survey of Large Language Models in Medicine: Principles, Applications, and Challenges	University of Oxford	2023-11
Exploring the Boundaries of GPT-4 in Radiology	Microsoft, Harvard University	2023-10
A Survey of Large Language Models for Healthcare: from Data, Technology, and Applications to Accountability and Ethics	IEEE members	2023-10
Capabilities of GPT-4 on Medical Challenge Problems	Microsoft, OpenAI	2023-03
Do We Still Need Clinical Language Models?	MIT, Xyla	2023-02

Articles

Title	Institute	Date
The future landscape of large language models in medicine	TUD Dresden	2023-10