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The student has submitted multiple implementations of stack data structures in different languages (Java and C++). Here's my evaluation of each:

  1. Exercise_1.java (Array-based Stack):
  • Correctness: The implementation correctly handles stack operations (push, pop, peek, isEmpty) with proper overflow/underflow checks.
  • Time Complexity: Correctly identified as O(1) for all operations.
  • Space Complexity: Correctly identified as O(MAX) where MAX is the fixed array size.
  • Code Quality: Well-structured with clear comments. Could benefit from making MAX a final constant.
  • Edge Cases: Handles underflow/overflow cases well.
  1. Exercise_2.cpp (Linked List Stack):
  • Correctness: Implementation is mostly correct but uses INT_MIN as error return which isn't ideal (could use exceptions or optional).
  • Time Complexity: Correctly identified as O(1) for all operations.
  • Space Complexity: Correctly identified as O(n) where n is number of elements.
  • Code Quality: Good structure but could use more comments. The use of double pointers (**) might be confusing for beginners.
  • Edge Cases: Handles empty stack cases but INT_MIN might not be the best error indicator.
  1. Exercise_3.java (Linked List):
  • Correctness: Implements a basic linked list rather than a stack, which appears to be a different problem.
  • Time Complexity: Insert is O(n) which is correct for linked list append.
  • Space Complexity: Correctly identified as O(n).
  • Code Quality: Well-structured but seems to be solving a different problem than stack implementation.
  1. StackAsLinkedList.java:
  • Correctness: Correct stack implementation using linked list.
  • Time Complexity: Correctly identified as O(1) for all operations.
  • Space Complexity: Correctly identified as O(n).
  • Code Quality: Good structure with clear methods. Could improve comments on pointer manipulation.
  • Edge Cases: Handles empty stack cases well.

General Improvements:

  1. Consistent error handling across implementations would be better.
  2. Some implementations mix problem domains (like Exercise_3 implementing a list rather than stack).
  3. Could benefit from more detailed comments explaining pointer manipulations.
  4. Consider using exceptions or Optionals instead of special return values for error cases.

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