Update vcpkg to latest baseline

[abeltrano]

Type

• Bug fix
• Feature addition
• Feature update
• Documentation
• Build Infrastructure

Side Effects

• Breaking change
• Non-functional change

Goals

• Fix missing msys package as seen in recent pipeline runs.
• Update vcpkg to latest baseline to allow evolving dependency versions, especially gRPC.

Fixes #355
Supersedes #349

Technical Details

• Update to latest vcpkg baseline.
• Update to latest vcpkg submodule commit.
• Remove self-referential dependencies in vcpkg.json as the latest version seems to have a bug causing a crash due to std::bad_alloc as referenced in vcpkg crashes when running github workflow. Cannot reproduce locally vcpkg#47953. cc @wptestyyh

Test Results

• Local build succeeded after deleting cmake and vcpkg caches.
• CI/CD completed successfully.

Reviewer Focus

• None

Future Work

• Created Restore vcpkg self-referential dependencies #356 to restore the self-referential dependencies once the vcpkg bug is fixed.

Checklist

• Build target all compiles cleanly.
• clang-format and clang-tidy deltas produced no new output.
• Newly added functions include doxygen-style comment block.